Learn about the typical water pressure in your home, why low water pressure occurs, and how to deal with it. Discover the recommended limits, how to test water pressure, and solutions for clogged lines, damaged mains, city water main problems, and frozen pipes. Gain insights and practical tips to maintain optimal water pressure in your house.
The typical city water pressure that enters your house or building is between 20 to 70 pounds per square inch (psi).
The International Plumbing Code (IPC) recommends limiting the water pressure at fixtures to 80 psi. Water pressure over 80 psi can cause troubles for your plumbing system and fixtures including pipe bursts. If the water pressure too high exceeding 80 psi at no flow condition it needs to reduce the pressure using a pressure-reducing valve. On the other hand, if you get a low-pressure water supply from the street main, then you might need to install a pressure booster system.
How to pressure test water lines in house
You can check the water pressure by connecting a pressure gauge to a hose bibb; a faucet with a hose connector. Perhaps you can seek your plumber's assistance to get the pressure testing done. And also, You can call your water municipality or city to get check the water pressure entering your house or building.
Watch below video to get an idea for how to conduct a water pressure test in your house
Causes of Low Water Pressure in the Whole House
If you've suddenly noticed a significant drop in water pressure throughout your entire house, it could be a sign of an issue in the main supply line or other factors. In the United States, there are a few common causes for this problem:
Clogged mainline: Over time, minerals, debris, and sediment can accumulate in the mainline, reducing water flow and causing lower pressure. This is often a result of aging pipes or water with high mineral content, which is common in areas such as Phoenix, Arizona, or parts of the Colorado River Basin.
Damaged mainline: Damage to the mainline can occur due to various factors like corrosion, shifting soil, or external forces. Cracks, leaks, or breaks in the mainline can restrict the water flow, resulting in low pressure throughout your house. This can be a concern in regions with aging infrastructure, such as older neighborhoods in cities like New York, Boston, or Chicago.
Breakdown or problem in the city water main: Sometimes, issues can arise in the city water main that affects the water pressure reaching your home. This can be due to maintenance work, pipe damage, or disruptions in the water supply. For example, severe weather events like hurricanes in coastal regions, including areas such as Miami, Florida, or Houston, Texas, can lead to water main problems and subsequent pressure drops.
Frozen or freezing pipes: Living in regions with cold weather, especially during subzero temperatures, brings the risk of frozen or freezing pipes. This is a serious problem that demands immediate attention to prevent pipe bursts. When water freezes, it expands, putting pressure on the pipes and causing them to potentially rupture. Typically, the months of late December to early February, during the winter season, are when frozen pipes become more common in cold-weather areas like Minneapolis, Minnesota, or Anchorage, Alaska.
Dealing with Frozen Pipes
If you suspect that your pipes have frozen, it's essential to take prompt action to prevent further damage. Here are some steps to address the issue:
Keep the affected faucet open: By leaving the faucet open, you allow the pressure to relieve and give room for water to flow once the pipes thaw.
Apply heat to the frozen pipes: Gently thaw the frozen pipes using methods such as a hairdryer, heating pad, or towels soaked in hot water. Start from the end nearest to the faucet and work your way back.
Use warm towels: Wrap warm towels around exposed pipes to provide heat and help thaw them. Remember to keep the faucet open to allow any water to escape as it thaws.
Apply heat tape or cables: Consider using specialized heat tape or cables designed to be wrapped around pipes. These products provide a consistent heat source and can help prevent freezing.
Seek professional assistance: If you're unable to thaw the pipes yourself or unsure about the best course of action, it's advisable to contact a licensed plumber for assistance.
Remember, prevention is key when it comes to frozen pipes. To avoid this problem, consider insulating exposed pipes, keeping the heat on in your home, and allowing faucets to drip during extreme cold weather.
By promptly addressing frozen pipes and taking preventive measures, you can save yourself from expensive repairs and potential water damage to your property.